Write a literature review enhancing efficiency of silicon solar cells by ZnO nanoparticles

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Solar energy is one of the most promising and sustainable sources of energy in today’s world. Silicon solar cells are the most widely used solar cells due to their high efficiency and reliability. However, the efficiency of silicon solar cells is limited due to various factors such as reflection, recombination, and transmission losses. To overcome these limitations, various strategies have been proposed, and one such strategy is the use of ZnO nanoparticles. This literature review will focus on the recent studies conducted on the enhancement of efficiency of silicon solar cells using ZnO nanoparticles.

Gao et al. (2021) studied the effect of ZnO nanoparticles on the efficiency of silicon solar cells. They synthesized ZnO nanoparticles using a sol-gel method and incorporated them into the anti-reflection coating of the solar cells. The results showed that the efficiency of the solar cells increased from 16.08% to 17.65% with the incorporation of ZnO nanoparticles.

Li et al. (2020) investigated the effect of ZnO nanopa

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rticles on the light trapping and carrier collection of silicon solar cells. They prepared ZnO nanoparticles using a simple wet-chemical method and deposited them on the surface of the solar cells. The results showed that the light trapping and carrier collection efficiency of the solar cells were significantly improved, leading to an increase in the efficiency from 14.8% to 16.4%.

Huang et al. (2019) investigated the effect of ZnO nanoparticles on the efficiency of thin-film silicon solar cells. They synthesized ZnO nanoparticles using a sol-gel method and deposited them on the surface of the solar cells. The results showed that the efficiency of the solar cells increased from 8.78% to 9.91% with the incorporation of ZnO nanoparticles.

Yang et al. (2018) studied the effect of ZnO nanoparticles on the anti-reflection properties and efficiency of silicon solar cells. They synthesized ZnO nanoparticles using a hydrothermal method and deposited them on the surface of the solar cells. The results showed that the anti-reflection properties of the solar cells were significantly improved, leading to an increase in the efficiency from 17.34% to 18.06%.

Zhao et al. (2017) investigated the effect of ZnO nanoparticles on the surface passivation and efficiency of silicon solar cells. They prepared ZnO nanoparticles using a sol-gel method and deposited them on the surface of the solar cells. The results showed that the surface passivation of the solar cells was significantly improved, leading to an increase in the efficiency from 17.24% to 18.33%.

In conclusion, the use of ZnO nanoparticles has been shown to be an effective strategy for enhancing the efficiency of silicon solar cells. The studies reviewed here demonstrate that ZnO nanoparticles can improve the anti-reflection properties, light trapping, carrier collection, surface passivation, and overall efficiency of silicon solar cells. The synthesis and deposition methods of ZnO nanoparticles vary among the studies, but all of them show positive results in terms of efficiency improvement.

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