Select one specific diet-related illness (ie. Type 2 Diabetes, Heart Disease, Stroke, etc.) and compare and contrast the prevalence and outcomes of that illness in two different populations within the U.S. (ie. African American, Asian American, Hispanic, American Indian, etc.).

NOTE: This course is centered on CULTURAL aspects of health – how culture molds the way one views, interprets, and acts regarding health care. Examine the health outcomes of your chosen populations by looking at barriers to healthcare at each of the three levels outlined in the study by Scheppers et al. (2006).

Recall that Scheppers et al. (2006) https://learn.maricopa.edu/courses/1278161/files/91882236/download
found that barriers to healthcare occur at three different levels: 1) patient level, 2) provider level, and 3) the system level. Be sure to examine this illness from the perspective of cross-cultural interactions in providing care or access to care at each of the three levels.

Answer & Explanation

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I would like to focus on Type 2 Diabetes and compare and contrast its prevalence and outcomes in African American and Hispanic populations in the US.

Prevalence:
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), African Americans are disproportionately affected by type 2 diabetes, with a prevalence rate of 13.2%, compared to non-Hispanic Whites at 7.5%. Hispanics also have a higher prevalence rate of 12.5%. The reasons for this higher prevalence rate are not entirely clear, but it is thought to be due to a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, including poor diet, lack of physical activity, and obesity.

Outcomes:
The outcomes of type 2 diabetes in African Americans and Hispanics are simila

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Step-by-step explanation

r in terms of complications and mortality rates. Both populations are more likely to develop complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, as well as cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of death among individuals with type 2 diabetes. According to the American Diabetes Association, the age-adjusted mortality rate for diabetes was 25.5 per 100,000 for African Americans and 22.3 per 100,000 for Hispanics, compared to 19.4 per 100,000 for non-Hispanic Whites.

However, there are some differences in the management of type 2 diabetes between African Americans and Hispanics. African Americans tend to have poorer glycemic control, which is associated with an increased risk of complications. This is thought to be due in part to a lack of access to healthcare and cultural factors such as mistrust of healthcare providers. Hispanics, on the other hand, have a higher prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and are less likely to receive appropriate diabetes care. Language barriers and immigration status may contribute to this disparity.

In conclusion, both African Americans and Hispanics have a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes compared to non-Hispanic Whites, and both populations are at increased risk for complications and mortality. However, there are some differences in the management of type 2 diabetes between these two populations, highlighting the importance of culturally appropriate care and addressing social determinants of health.

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