Write an essay discussing how registered nurses assess and monitor pressure ulcers in elderly people 65+ in hospital settings.
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Eu rebum mucius possit nec. An legendos omittantur pro. Pro brute dolores ut, has novum sonet prodesset cu, sit ei tale fastidii detracto. Id errem nominavi molestiae mei, mea tritani inimicus volutpat ad, in inermis salutandi mei. Tation epicuri assueverit ea sea, ius at justo intellegebat, nam eu dicta nonumes. Mea ex maiestatis cotidieque philosophia. Pressure ulcers (PUs) are a major concern in the healthcare industry, particularly in the elderly population. PUs can cause severe discomfort, pain, and distress to patients, and they can also lead to a range of complications that can increase morbidity and mortality rates. In elderly patients, PUs are a common condition due to age-related changes in skin, reduced mobility, and comorbidities. As such, nurses play a critical role in assessing and monitoring PUs in elderly patients. This essay will discuss how registered nurses assess and monitor PUs in elderly patients aged 65 years and over in hospital settings.
Background
PUs are a common condition in elderly patients due to age-related changes in skin, reduced mobility, and comorbidities such as diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, and malnutrition (National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, 2016). PUs are defined as “localized damage to the skin and/or underlying soft tissue usually over a bony prominence or related to a medical or other device” (European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel et al., 2014, p. 9). The prevalence of PUs in hospitalized elderly patients ranges from 10% to 30%, and the incidence increases with age (Brem et al., 2015). PUs can be classified into four stages based on their severity, with stage 1 being the mildest and stage 4 being the most severe. Stage 4 PUs can lead to complications such as cellulitis, osteomyelitis, sepsis, and even death (National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, 2016).
Assessment of Pressure Ulcers in Elderly Patients
Assessment of PUs in elderly patients involves a thorough examination of the skin and underlying tissue. Registered nurses (RNs) are responsible for assessing and monitoring PUs in hospitalized patients. According to the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (2016), the assessment should include the following components:
Identification of risk factors: RNs should identify the risk factors for PUs, such as immobility, malnutrition, and comorbidities.
Skin inspection: RNs should inspect the skin for any signs of redness, blisters, or other abnormalities. They should also look for any areas of skin breakdown or necrosis.
Palpation: RNs should palpate the skin and underlying tissue for any signs of induration, fluctuance, or crepitus.
Documentation: RNs should document the findings of the assessment, including the location, size, and stage of the PU.
RNs should also use a validated tool to assess the risk of PUs, such as the Braden Scale or the Norton Scale (National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, 2016). These scales take into account the patient’s mobility, nutritional status, sensory perception, and skin moisture to determine their risk of developing PUs. RNs should also assess the patient’s pain level and provide appropriate interventions to manage pain and discomfort.
Monitoring of Pressure Ulcers in Elderly Patients
Monitoring of PUs in elderly patients is essential to prevent further damage and promote healing. RNs should monitor PUs regularly to identify any changes in size, stage, or appearance. The frequency of monitoring depends on the severity of the PU and the patient’s overall condition. For example, patients with stage 1 PUs may require monitoring every 24 hours, while patients with stage 4 PUs may require monitoring every 4 hours (National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, 2016).
RNs should also monitor the patient’s overall condition, including their nutritional status, mobility, and comorbidities. Nutritional deficiencies can delay the healing process, so RNs should ensure that patients receive adequate nutrition.
